Akbash Dog
HISTORY
The Akbash Dog is a white livestock guardian breed native to the plains and mountains of western Turkey. While the origins of the breed are obscure, it is known to be an ancient pure breed. The Akbash Dog is the Turkish counterpart of the other white guardian breeds found around the northern Mediterranean Basin. However, only the Akbash Dog possesses its unique combination of Mastiff and gazehound characteristics.
In Turkey, Akbash Dogs are owned and bred by villagers and shepherds to protect their sheep from wolves and other predators. Recognition of these great white guardians as a distinct breed resulted from fieldwork done by Americans David and Judy Nelson who studied the dogs in Turkey beginning in the 1970s. The Nelsons have imported over 40 Akbash Dogs to the United States. These dogs became the foundation stock for the breed in the United States and Canada. In 1980, the U.S. Department of Agriculture introduced Akbash Dogs to its Predator Control Program where the dogs performed successfully.
The United Kennel Club recognized the Akbash Dog in 1998.
GENERAL APPEARANCE
The white Akbash Dog is a long-legged, lean, muscular dog of imposing size and strength, great courage and stamina, with an alert, regal bearing. The Akbash Dog is slightly longer in proportion than tall, has a wedge-shaped head with pendant ears, and a long tail, usually carried in a curl over the back when the dog is moving or excited. The Akbash Dog represents a very rare and special mixture of Mastiff and gazehound characteristics that are important to maintain. The gazehound influence is apparent in the breed’s long legs, deep chest, arched loin, shallow lower jaw, tucked up flank, speed, and agility, while the Mastiff’s contributions can be seen in the breed’s height, weight, broader head, and overall impression of power. When judging this breed, preference should be given to Akbash Dogs who exhibit a perfect balance between the two types. Gender differences can be striking in this breed. Typically the dog is proportionately taller and heavier than the female. The bitch appears feminine in comparison to the dog. There is no difference in the ability of males or females to perform as guardians.
The breed is presented in a completely natural condition and should be evaluated equally for correct conformation, temperament, gait, and structural soundness. Honorable scars or other evidences of injury resulting from working in the field are not to be penalized.
CHARACTERISTICS
The essential characteristics of the Akbash Dog are those that enable it to perform successfully as a livestock guardian. Akbash Dogs have the size, strength and courage to challenge large predators and the speed and agility to chase fleet predators. Their temperament is calm, quiet, and steady. They are independent and capable of correctly responding to changing circumstances without human direction.
The Akbash Dog is also highly suitable as a home companion or estate guardian. The Akbash Dog is loyal, gentle, and quietly affectionate with its own family, including children and family pets, but remains aloof and suspicious toward strangers. It is also by nature watchful of other dogs and may, on its own territory, react aggressively to intruding dogs. Although independent in nature, the Akbash Dog responds well to basic training. Properly socialized and trained, the Akbash Dog is an ideal family pet and home guardian.
Although its protective, guarding instincts are demonstrated at a young age, the breed matures slowly, both physically and temperamentally, with individuals requiring two to three years to reach their prime. Females tend to mature faster than males.
In both sexes, the wedge-shaped head is proportionate to the size and build of the individual specimen. The male head is proportionally larger than the female head. Viewed from above, the head tapers gradually toward the tip of the nose forming a blunt wedge shape. Viewed from the side, the length of muzzle, is approximately one-half the length of the head, measured from occiput to nose. The head is free of wrinkles.
The skull is large, slightly domed, and broad between the ears. The skull is longer than broad and tapers gradually toward the muzzle. The stop is slightly to moderately defined. The cheeks are flat and smooth.
Faults: Skull too flat; skull too narrow.
Viewed from the side, the topline of the muzzle is straight and roughly parallel to the top of the skull. The muzzle is broad where it joins the skull and tapers gradually toward the nose, forming a blunt wedge shape. The jaws are strong but the lower jaw is relatively shallow. Lips are black or dark brown, flews are tight, and whiskers are white.
Faults: Snipey muzzle.
Disqualification: Complete lack of pigmentation on lips.
The Akbash Dog has a complete set of large, evenly spaced, white teeth. A scissors bite is preferred but a level bite is acceptable. Broken teeth resulting from field work are not to be penalized.
Serious faults: Over or undershot bite; more than two teeth missing
Nose color may be either solid dark brown or solid black with both colors being equally acceptable. Dogs displaying a slight seasonal fading of nose pigment should not be penalized. The skin pigmentation of the muzzle around the nose may be gray, spotted, or absent but preference should be given to the stronger pigmentation. In profile, the nose is on the same line as the top of the muzzle and extends somewhat beyond the lower jaw.
Serious fault: Butterfly nose.
Disqualification: Complete lack of pigmentation on nose.
The eyes are medium-sized, almond-shaped and set well apart. Eye color may range from golden brown to dark brown with darker color preferred. Expression is intelligent, alert, and kindly. Eye rims are tight and solidly colored either black or dark brown. Eyelashes are white.
Serious faults: Very pale yellow eyes; loose eye rims.
Disqualifications: Blue eyes; complete lack of pigmentation on eyerims.
The ears are pendant, V-shaped, and slightly rounded at the tips. The ears are set rather high and lie flat to the skull. When alert, the ears are carried slightly higher; when the dog is disturbed, the ears are pulled back. When pulled toward the eye, the ear should extend at least to the outer edge of the eye and no farther than to the inner corner of the eye. In Turkey, the majority of Akbash Dogs have their ears cropped as puppies. Cropped ears on a dog imported from Turkey should not be penalized, but cropped ears on a domestic-bred dog are a disqualification.
Faults: Ears set too high or too low; ears too large or too small.
Disqualification: Cropped ears on a domestic-bred dog
The neck is muscular, medium-long to long, arched at the crest, with little or no dewlap. A dog with some dewlap should not be penalized.
Fault: Excessive dewlap.
FOREQUARTERS
The shoulders are well muscled as expected in a working dog. The shoulder blade and upper arm are well angulated and nearly equal in length. The forearm is long, straight, and well boned in proportion to the overall build of the dog. The front legs are set moderately well apart with elbows close to sides. The strong pasterns are slightly sloping when viewed from the side. When viewed from the front, legs should be parallel with each other and perpendicular to the ground.
Faults: Bowed front legs; feet that turn in or out.
The chest is deep and moderately wide. The ribs are well sprung from the spine and then flatten to form a deep body extending almost to the elbows. The length of the ribs decreases fairly quickly from the lowest point of the chest toward the loin. The topline inclines very slightly downward from well-developed withers to a strong back with a slight but definite arch over the loin, which blends into a long, well-muscled, sloping croup. The flank is well tucked up giving evidence of the gazehound influence in the breed.
Faults: Barrel chest
HINDQUARTERS
The hindquarters are powerful. The upper thigh is both deep, from front to back, and long. Although more heavily muscled, the bone and angulation of the hindquarters balances that of the forequarters. Stifles are well bent; hocks are well let down. The long hind legs contribute to the graceful arch of the loin and the speed and agility of the breed. Viewed from the rear, the rear pasterns are parallel to each other; from the side, they should be slightly forward of the perpendicular when the dog is in a natural but alert position.
Faults: Cow hocks; sickle hocks
Two types of feet appear in this breed: cat feet and hare feet. Both are acceptable; the cat foot is preferred. Regardless of shape, the feet are large and strong with well-arched toes. The pads are thick, hard, elastic, and may be either light or dark. Nails are gray, brown, or white and should be presented blunt. Dewclaws may be absent, single, or double and may be removed.
Faults: Splayed feet
The tail is uncut, thick at the base, and tapering to the tip. The tail is set low at the base of the croup. When the dog is relaxed, the tail is carried low, just reaching to the hock, with the bottom third of the tail frequently forming a hook. When the dog is moving or excited, the tail is usually carried in a curl over the back. The height and degree of curl depends on the degree of excitement and confidence. The tail may be slightly to heavily feathered in proportion to the coat length of the dog.
Faults: Docked or short tail; tail carried between the legs, which would indicate shyness or cowardliness.
The Akbash Dog has a double coat consisting of longer, coarse outer guard hairs and dense undercoat made up of soft, fine hair. Thickness of the undercoat varies significantly with the climate and exposure of the dog to weather. The Akbash Dog normally sheds its undercoat annually. There are two equally acceptable coat lengths. No preference is given to either type. In both types of coat, the hair on the muzzle, ears and paws is shorter than the body coat.
Medium Coat: The body hair is short to medium in length and lies flat giving a sleek, racy appearance to the dog. There is a slight ruff. There may be a slight feathering on the forelegs, thighs, and tail.
Long Coat: The body coat on the long-coated Akbash Dog is distinctly longer than on the medium-coated dog. The hair is often slightly wavy, but is never curled or matted. The long-coated Akbash Dog with full undercoat appears heavier than the medium-coated dog. There is a distinct ruff and profuse feathering on the forelegs, thighs and tail. During the summer or in warm climates, the long-coated Akbash Dog appears significantly sleeker without the heavily developed undercoat.
The Akbash Dog is always white. Light biscuit or gray shading around the ears or in the undercoat should never be penalized as long as the dog’s overall appearance is white. Gray or silver-blue skin pigmentation, either solid or in spots, is desirable but not required provided the individual dog shows ample black or dark brown pigmentation on the eyerims, nose, and lips.
Disqualification: Any overall color other than white; defined spots on the outer coat; black whiskers; black eyelashes.
HEIGHT & WEIGHT
For this flock-guarding breed, size, soundness and the ability to move with speed and agility are equally important. Desirable height at maturity, measured at the withers, ranges from 30 to 34 inches for males and 28 to 32 inches for females. Weight should be in proportion to the height, giving a well-muscled, lean appearance without being too light or too heavy. The average weight for a male Akbash Dog in good condition is 120 pounds; for a female, 90 pounds.
Fault: Obese, soft condition.
Severe fault: Dog or bitch varying more than one inch in height from the parameters above.
The gait of the Akbash Dog is easy, free, and elastic. The feet travel close to the ground. From the front or rear, the legs do not travel parallel to each other but rather close together at the ground. As speed increases, the legs gradually angle more inward until the pads are almost single tracking. Viewed from the side, the hind legs reach far under, meeting or even passing the imprints of the front legs. Unless the dog is excited, the head is carried rather low at the level of the shoulders. When alert, the Akbash Dog moves with determination and purpose toward the object of interest.
DISQUALIFICATIONS
Unilateral or bilateral cryptorchid. Viciousness, marked shyness or cowardliness. Cropped ears on a domestic-bred dog. Complete lack of pigmentation on the nose, eye rims or lips. Blue eyes. Any overall color other than white. Defined spots on the outer coat. Black whiskers. Black eyelashes.
Akbash Dog
Information and Pictures
Kuzco the Akbash—his family says, "He loves to herd the whole family, and we love to be herded by him!"
Pronunciation
Other Names
- Coban Kopegi
- Akbaş Çoban Köpeği
- Akbash
Description
This solid white flock guard dog is equipped with keen hearing and superior strength. Its white, weather resistant, double, short to medium length coat is coarse and non-matting, with very little doggy odor. The Akbash has a massive head and powerful jaws. The V-shaped ears are set high with the tips slightly rounded, flat to the skull, and are carried pendant. Imported Turkish dogs may have cropped ears. Its almond shaped eyes are set well apart and distinctly oblique. Eye color varies from light golden brown to very dark brown. The neck is strong and muscular, medium in length and arches at the crest. It has strong, large, well-arched toes. The nails are blunt and gray, brown or white. The pads are thick, hard, elastic and normally dark. The tail is long, reaching to the hocks. There is an elastic, springy nature to the gait.
Temperament
The Akbash Dog is a primitive guard dog breed, requiring owners who understand canine behavior. The dogs are a combination of submissive posturing to livestock and dominance aggression—to stand up against bears and wolves. They require owners dedicated to constant socialization if kept as companions. They are naturally dog aggressive. In town with sights and sounds everywhere, barrier frustration-aggression is common. This is a serious working breed and is best placed where it can have a job to do. They are opportunists for taking over control so they are best placed with children over eight years of age, when the child can participate in submission exercises, with an adult, on the dog. Barking and patrolling is their primary means of defense and so they will bark if out at night. Trouble usually occurs when friends come over and aren't supervised by someone the dog knows. As a guardian/guard dog breed, the trained and socialized dog will defer to the owner when the owner is present and will be friendly and happy to visit visitors, however they consider unsupervised people as suspicious. This is an intelligent, courageous and loyal dog, completely dedicated and devoted to its owner and any livestock in its charge. Independent with strong protective instincts. The Akbash is a natural guardian that even at a very young age will bond strongly with the livestock it is protecting. It has such strong maternal instincts that sheep will often allow this dog to sniff and clean their newborn lambs and will flock behind their guardian when threatened. Because of their strong maternal instincts, they are usually good with infants. The dog's independent nature allows it to respond swiftly and without guidance in an emergency. There is no difference in guarding ability between the male and female. Some of the animals the Akbash Dog has guarded include sheep, goats, cattle, horses, poultry and exotic birds, deer, alpacas and llamas. Once bonded, these dogs will not hesitate to risk their own lives to protect their charges. The Akbash Dog has even been used by American ranchers to ward off bears and coyotes. Because of its strong independent nature, it thinks twice upon receiving commands. Not recommended for first time dog owners, or people who do not wish to have a serious guard dog. Companion dog owners should be prepared to spend a fair amount of money on good fencing and a lot of time on socialization and maintaining the humans pack leader status over the dog. The Akbash dog needs a firm, but calm, confident, consistent owner.
Height, Weight
Height: 28 - 32 inches (71 - 81 cm)
Weight: 90 - 130 pounds (41 - 59 kg)
Health Problems
Although cases of hip dysplasia and OCD have occurred, as with any large, rapidly growing breed, the breed as a whole does not seem to be afflicted with these conditions to anywhere near the degree of many other large breeds. Buy only from OFA hip certified stock.
Living Conditions
Akbash Dogs are not recommended for apartment life. They are relatively inactive indoors and do best with a minimum of a ¼ acre and at least a 5' tall fence. They should live in semi-rural or rural settings. This breed is quiet and clean in the house.
They are a low activity level dog, but also an extremely athletic dog requiring a long daily walk and a lot of space to run around off its lead.
Life Expectancy
About 10-11 years
Litter Size
Average of 7 - 9 puppies
The hard coat is clean, non-smelling and non-matting but does require brushing to help the shedding process. They are above average shedders.
Also called the Coban Kopegi and the Akbas, the Akbash Dog is an elegant, rare breed from the area we now call western Turkey. It was developed 3000 years ago by shepherds who selectively bred for white-colored guarding sheepdogs, perhaps to differentiate them from predators. The Akbash is a probable relative of the other great white herd guarders of Europe such as the Komondor, Kuvasz, Tatra Mountain Sheepdog, and even the distant Pyrenean Mountain Dog. The name Akbash come from the Turkish word "akbas" meaning "white head."
Recognition
- ACA = American Canine Association Inc.
- ADI = Akbash Dogs International - requires OFA hip certification on all breeding stock thus having a much lower incidence of hip dysplasia than dogs from the general population.
- NKC = National Kennel Club
- UKC = United Kennel Club
- CKC = Continental Kennel Club
- APRI = American Pet Registry, Inc.
- ACR = American Canine Registry
- DRA = Dog Registry of America, Inc.
- TKC = Turkish Kennel Club
"This is our Akbash dog, Bear. He is 1 1/2 years old. We just got him from a rescue. This picture was taken when he first met his new owner."
Photo courtesy of Sheepfields Akbash Dogs
Photo courtesy of Sheepfields Akbash Dogs
Photo courtesy of Sheepfields Akbash Dogs
Photo courtesy of Sheepfields Akbash Dogs
Teddy the Akbash Dog at 7 months old
Teddy the Akbash Dog at 7 months old
Teddy the Akbash Dog at 7 months old
11-month-old Akbash Dog
Ivory the Akbash Dog—his owner says, "He's a grrrreat dog! He was 4 months old when I got him and he was unsocialized. Thanx to my Pit Bull Ebony (his girlfriend); she helped me train him. When I first got him he would not come to me. It took about a month for him to even come close to me, but these days he's doing his job which is to watch over the house and all my other pets."
Breeders
The Material contained herein may not be reproduced without the prior written approval of the author. Contents & Graphics Copyright © Dog Breed Info Center® (C) 1998- . All Rights Reserved. Our work is not Public Domain.
Akbas hund
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Akbash hund
Akbash hund er en hyrdehund. Den egner seg godt til е beskytte buskap.
Akbash hund kan benyttes som vakthund. De kan trenes opp til е skremme og eventuellt angripe inntrengere.
Akbash hund har sitt opphav fra Tyrkia.
Noen eksemplarer av disse hundene vil oftest vжre mistenksomme mot gjester og kan vise tegn pе aggressivitet. Noen eksemplarer av denne rasen kan ha en tendens til е vжre litt aggressiv ovenfor andre hunder.
Godkjente kennelklubber: United Kennel Club klassifiserer hunderasen som «vakthunder».
Hundens anatomi: Akbash hund er en stшrre hund. Hannene blir 76 til 86 centimeter hшy. Hunnene er 71 til 81 centimeter hшy. Hannene bruker е veie 41 til 59 kilo tung nеr fullvokst. Hunnene blir sе tung som 41 til 59 kilo tung nеr fullvokst. Hunden har medium hengende шrer. Fшttene er oftest heller lange. Akbash hund har en massiv kroppstype. Halen er av medium lengde og hшystillt. Den har en ganske medium lengde pе snuten. Pelsen pе akbash hund er halvlang.
Diverse fakta om hunden: Beregnet levealder for en akbash hund er 10 til 11 еr. Valpekullet er fra 7 til 9 valper. Hunderasen kan dog vжre rikelig kinkig е finne hos oppdrettere. Akbash hund blir noen ganger omtalt som Akbas Зoban Kцpegi, Coban Kopegi, Akbas. Amerikansk hunderasenavn pе hunden er Akbash Dog.
Rasebeskrivelse: Riktige norske rasestandarder er uttrykt i den ekte rasestandard. Fе flere erfaringer fra andre hundeeiere samt hundeoppdrettere av akbash hund da de vet det du trenger om hunderasen.
Kangal Dog
Information and Pictures
Pascal the Turkish Kangal Dog at 2 years old lives in Turkey.
Other Names
- Kangal
- Karabash
- Turkish Kangal Dog
Description
The Kangal Dog is a large, powerful, heavy-boned dog, whose size and proportions have developed naturally as a result of its continued use in Turkey as a guardian against predators. The head is large and moderately wide with drop ears. A properly proportioned Kangal Dog is slightly longer (measured from prosternum to point of buttocks) than tall (measured from the withers to the ground), and length of the front leg (measured from point of elbow to the ground) should equal slightly more than one-half of the dog's height. The tail, which is typically curled, completes the distinctive silhouette. The Kangal Dog has a double coat that is moderately short and quite dense. The Kangal Dog has a black mask and black velvety ears which contrast with a whole-body color which may range from light dun to gray. Honorable scars or other evidences of injury resulting from working in the field are not to be penalized.
Temperament
The typical Kangal Dog is first and foremost a stock guardian dog and possesses a temperament typical of such dogs—alert, territorial and defensive of the domestic animals or the human family to which it has bonded. The Kangal Dog has the strength, the speed and the courage to intercept and confront threats to the flocks of sheep and goats that it guards in both Turkey and the New World. Kangal Dogs prefer to intimidate predators but will take a physical stand and even attack if necessary. Kangal Dogs have an instinctive wariness of strange dogs but are not typically belligerent toward people. They are somewhat reserved with strangers, but loyal and affectionate with family. The objective in training this dog is to achieve pack leader status. It is a natural instinct for a dog to have an order in its pack. When we humans live with dogs, we become their pack. The entire pack cooperates under a single leader. Lines are clearly defined and rules are set. Because adog communicates his displeasure with growling and eventually biting, all other humans MUST be higher up in the order than the dog. The humans must be the ones making the decisions, not the dogs. That is the only way your relationship with your dog can be a complete success.
Height, Weight
Height: Males 30 - 32 inches (77 - 86 cm) Females 28 - 30 inches (72 - 77 cm)
Weight: Males 110 - 145 pounds (50 - 66 kg) Females 90 - 120 pounds (41 - 54 kg)
Health Problems
Living Conditions
The Kangal Dog is not recommended for apartment life. It is relatively inactive indoors and will do best with at least a large yard. The Kangal Dog is naturally protective, but is more "people oriented" than most other livestock guardian breeds. A well-socialized Kangal Dog is not generally aggressive to people, and especially loves children—but the breed does not recognize property boundaries. It will wander, attack stray dogs, and may be aggressive to human intruders, especially at night. Good fencing is therefore essential.
This breed needs exercise and mental stimulation. Working dogs with acreage will exercise themselves by patrolling the property and protecting their livestock. Family dogs need daily walks, jogs or runs and socialization off-property, because if there is no work to do they will not get adequate mental and physical exercise and may become hard to handle. While out on the walk the dog must be made to heel beside or behind the person holding the lead, as in a dog's mind the leader leads the way, and that leader needs to be the human.
Life Expectancy
About 12-15 years
Litter Size
This breed requires little grooming. The coat needs thorough brushing-out during the twice a year shedding season. You can get away with little attention the rest of the year. The Kangal Dog is a seasonal, heavy shedder.
The Turkish people claim: the Kangal Dog is an ancient flock-guarding breed, thought to be related to the early mastiff-type dogs depicted in Assyrian art. The breed is named for the Kangal District of Sivas Province in central Turkey where it probably originated. Although the breed has long been associated with the family of the Aga of Kangal, large landholders and chieftains, the majority are bred by villagers who take great pride in the dogs' ability to guard their flocks of sheep and goats from such traditional predators as the wolf, bear and jackal. The relative isolation of the Sivas-Kangal region has kept the Kangal Dog free of cross-breeding and has resulted in a natural breed of remarkable uniformity in appearance, disposition and behavior. Despite its regional origin, many Turks consider the Kangal Dog as their national dog. Turkish government and academic institutions operate breeding kennels where Kangal Dogs are bred and pedigrees are carefully maintained. The Kangal Dog has been featured on Turkish postage stamps and coins. The Kangal Dog was first reported in European and North American canine literature by David and Judith Nelson, Americans who studied the dogs while residing in Turkey. The Nelsons imported their first Kangal Dog to the United States in 1985. This dog, and subsequent imports, provided the foundation for the Kangal Dog in the United States. True Kangal Dogs are from the province of Sivas and the town of Kangal.
Others claim: the breed was first developed in the west by Charmian Steele and others in Britain. The first Kangals entered England in 1965. The first litter was born in 1967. The breed was called Anatolian (Karrabash) Shepherd Dog. Later, someone brought in a pinto dog from Anatolia and brought strife and division into the club, and a split between the Kangal (Karrabash) breeders and the Anatolian Shepherd Dog breeders.
Some people declare all Turkish shepherd's dogs to be one breed, the Anatolian Shepherd, however the true Turkish Kangal Dogs are said to be a separate breed from the generic Turkish shepherd's dog. The export of pure Kangal Dogs from Turkey has been controlled and now is virtually forbidden. The isolated historical conditions of the Sivas-Kangal region have resulted in the development of the Kangal Dog as a distinct breed, which has been declared the National Dog of Turkey and a national treasure. The true Turkish Kangal Dogs are first and foremost still primarily working shepherds. The Kangal Dog Club of America continues to work to ease import restrictions. Imported dogs are considered to be extremely valuable for their potential contribution to the genetic pool in the United States.
Recognition
- ACA = American Canine Association
- ACR = American Canine Registry
- APRI = American Pet Registry, Inc.
- CKC = Continental Kennel Club
- DRA = Dog Registry of America, Inc.
- KDCA = Kangal Dog Club of America
- NKC = National Kennel Club
- UKC = United Kennel Club
Kangal Dog on a Turkish postage stamp
This is a Turkish stamp depicting Turkey's most beloved choban kopegi (shepherd's dog) breed, the Kangal Dog.
Kangal coin issued by the Turkish government.
Pascal the Turkish Kangal Dog at 2 years old lives in Turkey.
Pascal the Turkish Kangal Dog at 2 years old lives in Turkey.
Breeders
The Material contained herein may not be reproduced without the prior written approval of the author. Contents & Graphics Copyright © Dog Breed Info Center® (C) 1998- . All Rights Reserved. Our work is not Public Domain.
Breeds of Turkey
Akbash, kangal and kars in Turkey
In Turkey hunting dogs and dogs guarding cattle flocks are bred. Dogs guarding cattle flocks must be able to act independently, they react instinctly and at the same time they protect the flocks against the predators. Mostly they are very intelligent, watchful and self-confident. Very often their colour is white so that the sheep would admit them easier and the shepherd couldn´t confuse them with the predator. Darker dogs were more useful particularly at night for guarding the property of the shepherd against human intruders. For the same reason they were used in troops.
Turkish breeds often developed in the remote regions, they were selectively adapted to local conditions and situations. Each geographic area developed its own shepherd dog or guardian dog with specific properties. There exist a lot of more or less typally different variants, which marginally blend together. The most well-known types are Kangal, Akbash, Kars sheepdog and Anatolian mastiff, others e.g.: Catalburun (“catal“ fork, „burun“ nose), whose distinctive feature is a split nose, Konya with softer temperament, who can be bred as a pet, Yoruk – a fast robust dog with a pinched muzzle, who is connected with Kangal. Confusion is also caused by the fact that the Turks are used to distinguishing dogs according to their colour and coat: karabash (black head), kirik (short coat), kaba (long coat), brindle (hyena, i.e. with brindle), capar also called karayaka (black body, black dog) etc. In practice then originates the name of the dog, e.g. Kirik Yoruk or Karabash Kangal.
We gained information presented in this article mostly form the sites of Turkish, international and national organizations and researsh institutions. You can find the references to the chosen institutions and galleries with photographs of the dogs at the end of the article.
National breeds recognized in Turkey
Nowadays except for Kangal and Akbash all recognized Turkish breeds are considered to be endangered. Turkish government and breeding stations of academic institutions have been purposefully engaging in their controlled breeding and improvement since the 1990s. Not long ago the specimen of the dogs of the selected Turkish breeds was screened in the genetic study „Important studies into the genetics of the Kangal Dog and other types of Turkish shepherd dog“. The results of the study find here. The objective of this study is to create standards of Turkish national breeds of the dogs (Kangal, Akbaş, Anadolu Mastifi, Kars Köpeği, Türk Kopoyları, Sultan Tazısı and others) on a scientific base and consequently to realize all the steps necessary for international recognition of these breeds. The first and the most important step was admission of Turkey the member of the FCI on 14.10.2010; big credit for it is in the part of the Turkish Cynologic Society Köpek Irkları ve Köpek Bilimleri Federasyonu (KIF).
Kangal – K angal Köpeği, Sivas Kangal Köpeği, Kangal Turkish Shepherd; the correct, traditional name for the breed in Turkey is Kangal Köpegi or Sivas Kangal Köpegi. At present Kangal is a part of Turkish national heritage and is represented as a Turkish „basis“. The Kangal Dog is a cultural and historic icon of the Turkish people. It is the most respectful, typally uniform and the most atractive breed (for example video on page KANGAL KÖPEKLERİ HAKKINDA BİLGİLER, VİDEOLAR, KÖPEK IRKLARI, KEDİLER, VAHŞİ HAYVANLAR). The standard of the Anatolian Shepherd Dogs originates from this type. Recently a great attention has been paid to it abroad, „kangalomania“ has broken out, however the export from Turkey is subject to a very strict inspection and is forbidden in order to protect the breed.
The Kangal stud is assumed to originate in the Sivas province in the eastern part of Central Anatolia. Relative isolation of the Sivas region contributed to the origin of the natural breed with the uniform appearance and behavior. It is necessary to obtain permission for breeding outside the territory of the province. Their stud is historically proved by the Turkish aristocratic family the Kangals; for a long time Kangal has been connected with the Aga family, landowners and a chieftains from the village of Kangal, which actually means that every Kangal comes from the Kangal family line.
It is a very proud dog, loving, devoted and obedient. He adheres to women and children very much. It is an excellent guarding dog; he knows individual animals in the flock and prevents the others from the admission. While protecting the flock a female distracted the attacker and a male attacked the wolf´s back. He has typically round head, heavier body construction, however he needn´t be exaggeratedly robust. A distinctive feature is a „lion“ walk and a black muzzle with black triangular ears; according to this colouring he may also be called „Boz“ or „Karabash“ (original description of the Sivas Kangal h ere ). At the age of 5 – 6 months their ears are cropped in order to eliminate the infection originated due to wounds suffered during fights with the wolf and also due to frequent rains in the Black Sea area. He sometimes may be called the Kangal Akbash (white head) and the Kangal Karabash (black head) according to the big black spot along the muzzle. Dense coat protects him against summer sunstroke and frostbites in winter, the coat colour varies in different shades – from almost white through sandy to dark, however he never may be white or brindle. At present he is very widespread among Turkish villagers who are deservedly proud of his ability to protect flocks of goats and sheep against the predators such as wolf, jackal or bear, a lot of Kangals are bred in the army.
They were even bred by the Turkish Zoo in Ankara. The explosion of interest in this bred began in 1980, when several Kangals were exported to America and Europe. At that time the Kangal Dog suddenly became a fashionable accessory for wealthy Turkish and the army decided to train the breed for work done by German sheepdogs a Doberman pinschers. Government officers had the authority to confiscate the dogs from the Sivas region for state purposes. However, after many failures it was found out that the bred is not a suitable candidate for training because he has completely different character from „tougher“ breds The stories of whole herds of Kangals brought like cattle from Central Anatolia are well-founded. Finally many dogs were abandoned in the streets and town surroundings. Today Kangal still is a symbol of the rank in the society yet fortunately the initial mania receded. He is protected by the Turkish government as a part of the national heritage; he is featured on the stamps and coins. In the towns of Kangal and Ulas controlled breeding stations have been established. Despite his regional origin he featured on the Turkish coins and postage stamps. Export of the Kangals by someone who is not Turkish citizen is unlawful.
Kangal is separately recognized and bred also by national kennel clubs in South Africa and New Zealand.
He possesses great sight, hearing and smell, outstanding speed and tonicity. He differs from other Tuskish dogs by snow-white colour, he has dark eyes, nose and skin pigmentation, which originally protected him against sunburn. He matures later at the age of three and more years. His distinctive feature is a strongly developed motherly instinct; if he is brought up from the age of a pupply, especially together with other young animals or children, he develops a firm emotional bond with them. The male dog grows up from 45 to 65 kg/60 – 85 cm, the female 35 – 55 kg/50 – 75 cm.
On the basis of the appearance and genetic research the conclusion has been made that his origin was influenced by the dogs of greyhound and mastiff type. The result of such crossbreeding presents different variants varying between two extremes:
- the „ greyhound “ type with a narrower skull, elegant, slim with well tucked up belly; he has longer legs and is generally gentler and typally reminds of Colie with strong densely-coated body;
- the „mastiff“ type with a powerful head; he has more skin flaps, there are types with hanging eyelids; he doesn´t have tucked up belly, he is of a heavier construction and his appearance is very similar to a light Labrador or German Bandog.
Unfortunately this once a very numerous breed in Turkey due to industrialization, decrease in number of wolves and diminishing breeding of sheep noticed very high decrease of specimens. Although several universities and government institutions started to engage in the breeding, in Turkey there are few quality Akbashes. The same colour doesn´t mean that the dogs have the same origin, there exists great difference between the structure of the specimen from Central and Eastern Anatolia and the dogs from Western Anatolia. It is necessary to acquire further white specimen for breeding, unfortunately in his natural environment the breeding rules aren´t defined and for example in the eastern areas, where there were a lot of purely white dogs, white dogs are selected from the coupling of different colours.
Nowadays the popularity of Akbash is growing fast again. The export of Akbash from Turkey unlike Kangal, who is the Turkish naitonal breed, is permitted.
Kars Köpeği - Kars Turkish Shepherd, Kars shepherd, Karský sheepdog, Kars; is bred in the region of Northern Anatolia. The main region of this breed is the province of Kars and the southern mountainous and lowland areas in north-east Turkey. He has a long history of about at least 600 years. In the region of Kars-Ardahan-Erzurum a Iğdır-Agri he is called Killi (shaggy), in Ardahan Saçaklı (fringed) and in Artvin Tüylü (hairy). He is an ideal guarding dog, very strong, brave and devoted; he is cautious even unfriendly towards strange people; because of his robustness and watchfulness he shouldn´t be left alone with small children. The local tradition claims that a group of Kars can kill a large bear.
In appearance Kars resembles Caucasian Shepherd Dog. He has quite long coat suitable for severe winter conditions, however it is also possible to meet with short-coated Kars dogs. The Kars Dog can be found in almost all colours from black, reddish brown, grey, mixtures of black and brown, white, piebald, and white with grey patches. He has long hair on the neck and the backs of the hindquarters; since his neck bears the mane, the head appears larger. Kars tends to bond with one person; he may be unfriendly to others in his surroundings.
Anadolu Mastifi - Malaklı, Aksaray Malaklısı, Anatolian doga, Anatolian mastiff; the most powerful Turkish breed. His home is in the province of Aksaray in Central Anatolia; that is why he is sometimes referred to as Aksaray Malaklısı. He resembles Kangal very much but differs from him by a robust head, wider than shoulders, and distinctively hanging flews, therefore he is locally called Malakli („malak“ – lip, flews). Anatolian Malaklısı is extremely strong and active. His colour is mostly white or custardy, black nose. His weight varies between 65 and 125 kg.
Çatalburun - Çatal Burun Hunting, a clinging and obedient dog; his typical feature is a split nose. He is a hunting dog; he has excellent smell multiplied by the nose capacity, which when combined with his intelligence makes him an ideal bedfellow of the police in searching for narcotics. Catalburun is a clinging and obedient dog. The reason why he is not as popular as other Turkish breeds is the split in his nose, which doesn´t attract many people interested in breeding.
Sultan Tazısı – Anadolu Sultan Tazısı, Turkish Greyhound, Anatolian Sultanic Dog; a fast, skillful and nimble dog used for hunting for rabbites, foxes, partridges etc. The dog has a slim waist, a deep chest, a small narrow head, long limbs and tail. He used to be bred in the courts of Turkish monarchs. The first reference to him is probably in a hunting scene coming from the 16 th century, where the prince Sultan Suleyman Majestic is pictured with a dog of the greyhound type.
Türk Kopoyları – small, 30-35 cm tall, a very skillful and fast hunting dog, tracker bred in packs.
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Akbash Dog
Racehundens struktur: Akbash Dog er en stor hunderace. Hannerne er 76 til 86 centimeter hшy. Tжverne er 71 til 81 centimeter hшy. Hannerne bruger at afveje 41 til 59 kg tunge nеr fuld vokset. Tжverne er sе tungt som 41 til 59 kg tunge nеr fuld vokset. Akbash dog har store hжngende шrer. Fшttene er som regel snarere lang. Akbash Dog har en massive bygning. Halen er medium lang og hшystillt. Pжlsen pе akbash dog er halvlang.
Anden info om akbash dog: Beregnet еr at leve for en akbash dog er 10 til 11 еr. Hvalpe i kuldet er fra 7 til 9 valper. Hunderacen kan vжre rigelige omfattende е finde pе markedet. Akbash Dog er ogsе benжvnt Akbas Зoban Kцpegi, Coban Kopegi, Akbas. American hundens race navn pе akbash dog er Akbash Dog.
Hunde er som regel mistжnkelige mod gжster og kan blive aggresiv. Tendens til at vжre aggressiv andre hunde.
Klassificering: UKC (United Kennel Club) har hunderacen i «vagthunde».
Akbash Dog er en hyrdehund. Den er ideel til besжtningen, og beskytte husdyrbestande.
Akbash Dog er en vagthund. Dette er en vag form for hund hund Sharp vage og formеlet er at have en afskrжkkende virkning og eventuelle angreb.
Akbash Dog har sin oprindelse fra Tyrkiet.
Akbash Dog fotos
Brug vores sшgefunktion og find en hund race som passer dig.
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President's Message (German)
Willkommen auf der Homepage des Akbash Dogs International.
Der ADI hat den Anspruch, den Akbash, den Herdenschutzhund aus der Türkei, weltweit zu repräsentieren. So arbeiten wir eng mit dem Türkischen Akbash Club, www.akbas.tk, zusammen und sind bemüht, die Belange, Richtlinien und Schulungen rund um die Rasse auf der ganzen Welt zu koordinieren. Der Akbash ist ein sehr seltener Hund - so erscheint uns dieser universelle Ansatz angemessen.
Der ADI führt ein eigenes, aussagekräftiges Zuchtbuch, das die Abstammung der Hunde nachvollziehbar macht, so weit sie zurückzuverfolgen ist. Derzeit haben wir mehr als 1.370 Hunde in unserem Zuchtbuch registriert.
Unser Bestreben für die Zukunft ist, die Arbeitseigenschaften des Akbash zu erhalten. Auf dieser Website finden Sie reichlich Informationen über Akbash, die an Herden arbeiten, über Familienbegleithunde, über unseren exzellenten Rescue-Service und viele Trainingstipps; Sie werden jedoch keine Hinweise auf Ausstellungen, Shows und ähnliches finden.
Wenn Sie durch diese Seiten stöbern, werden Sie viele Akbash und die Menschen, die sich ihnen widmen, kennenlernen. Sie werden über die lange und reiche Geschichte dieser Hunde lernen sowie über die Schwierigkeiten, denen eine ursprüngliche Hirtenhundrasse sich heute in unserer urbanisierten Welt gegenüber sieht.
Sie werden unser Magazin, den Akbash Sentinel, kennenlernen, auf den wir sehr stolz sind. Der Sentinel erscheint vierteljährlich und ist reich bepackt mit tollen Fotos, Artikeln, Ein- und Aussichten für die Zukunft unserer Rasse. Mehr Informationen darüber finden Sie auf unserer Website. Wenn Sie sich für Verhalten, Erziehung und Gesundheit unserer Rasse interessieren, sollten Sie den Akbash Sentinel beziehen. Im Moment ist er nur in Englisch verfügbar.
Wenn sich diese Seiten ähnlich gut präsentieren, wie wir sie geplant haben, werden Sie sie informativ und ansprechend finden und hoffentlich Lust auf mehr haben. Sollten Sie nach dem Studium der unterschiedlichen Seiten noch immer Fragen haben, so haben Sie die Wahl, über den Kontaktbutton mit uns in Dialog zu treten, eine Nachricht an das Message Board zu schicken oder mich direkt zu kontaktieren.
Der ADI ist ein gemeinnütziger Verein. Wenn Sie gerne einen Beitrag zu unserer Arbeit leisten möchten, kontaktieren Sie mich bitte.
Copyright © 2018 Akbash Dogs International. All rights reserved.
Akbas hund
Sivas Kangal Üretim Çiftliğimiz Tüm Türkiye'ye Hizmet Vermektedir.
Adres: Sivas Altın Kangal Yolu 3. km.
TEL 0546 460 71 17
Çiftliğimiz Sivas'ta orjinal safkan kangal köpeği üretimi ve yavru kangal satışı yapmaktadır. Profesyonel anlamda üretim yapan kangal köpek çiftliğimiz . Tüm Türkiye'ye hizmet vermektedir.
15 Yıldır faaliyet gösteren kangal köpek üretme çiftliğimiz Kangal adına bir çok bilimsel çalışmada bulunmuş ve kangal köpeğinin devamlılığını ırkın bozulmadan devam etmesini sağlayarak bu değerli ırkı ileri nesillere tanıtımını yapmak için faaliyetlerde bulunmuştur.
Bugün halen ortak çalışmaları olan KIF (köpek ırkları federasyonu) ile çalışmakta ve kangal köpeklerini kayıt altına alarak soy seceresi oluşturmaktadır. Aşağıda kangal köpek çifltiği üretmek için Tarım bakanlığının denetimleri sonucu verilen ruhsat örneği bulunmakta. Yavru kangal köpek almadan önce muhatap alacağınız yerin çiftlik ruhsatı olması ve ruhsat numarasını alarak tarım il müdürlüğünden teyidini alınız. Aksi takdirde satın aldığınız kangal yavrusu nun sağlıksız koşullarda üretimi sonucu bir çok viral hastalıkları taşıması ve sonucu ölümlere kadar varan birçok sorunla karşı karşıya kalabilirsiniz.
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